As per the reports of the Panel of Independent International Experts (PIIE), the systematic human rights violations against Muslims in India, specifically Assam, have to be elevated to the extent that they can be termed as apartheid.
Earlier in their 2022 report, the PIIE gave warning that Indian Muslims were at the risk of turning into a “persecuted minority.” The panel is composed of Sonja Biserko, Marzuki Darusman, and Stephen Rapp and is known to have documented war crimes across the world, with a key focus on issues of North Korea, Myanmar, and Rwanda, the Siasat TV reports.
The panel, in its latest report, reported significant human rights violations against Muslims, highlighting the possibility of international crimes, which include persecution, torture, and deportation, specifically in Assam and Uttar Pradesh between 2022 and 2025.
“In both states, the Panel found credible evidence of sustained and systemic discrimination against Muslims, who have been denied equal protection and equal enjoyment of rights, contrary to international human rights law,” the report said.
Assam’s Evictions
When talking about Assam, the report said that the violations extended to arbitrary killings, including police encounters; excessive force during eviction drives; torture; and custodial deaths.
The report, as reported by Siasat TV, further tells that the state witnessed more than 17,000 Bengali-speaking Muslim families displaced or evicted forcefully. Additionally, as many as 300 Muslims were arrested under the Cow Protection Law between June and July 2025.
Rolling of Bulldozers and Encounters in Uttar Pradesh
The panel reported 266 unlawful killings through police encounters, and when calculated, 32% of those killings were of the Muslims in Uttar Pradesh, and as many as 56 people were severely injured in what is described as “half-encounter” killings.
At least two dozen Muslim-run shops and 27 homes were razed in Uttar Pradesh under punitive demolition.
“In both states, the remedial framework appears to be largely ineffective for Muslims, particularly in relation to serious violations, and individuals affected have no realistic prospect of securing justice through existing domestic mechanisms,” the report read.
The report documented 108 instances of hate speech by Yogi Adityanath, 85 by Amit Shah, 81 by Narendra Modi, and 52 by Himanta Biswa Sarma.
It noted that Sarma has repeatedly made derogatory remarks about Muslims, referring to them as “miyas,” a term he uses for alleged Bangladeshi “infiltrators.” The panel said such remarks appear to be creating a climate that could pave the way for ethnic violence.
